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how the social security benefit is calculated

by Prof. Savanah Crona Jr. Published 2 years ago Updated 1 year ago
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Social Security benefits are typically computed using "average indexed monthly earnings." This average summarizes up to 35 years of a worker's indexed earnings. We apply a formula to this average to compute the primary insurance amount (PIA).

Full Answer

How do you determine your Social Security benefit amount?

  • For earnings that fall within the first band, you multiply by 90%. That is the first part of your benefit.
  • For earnings that fall within the second band, you multiply by 32%. That is the second part of your benefit.
  • For earnings that are greater than the maximum of the second band, you multiply by 15%. This is the third part of your benefit.

How do I determine my social security benefit?

Try refreshing the page. Today's Social Security column addresses questions about how Social Security spousal benefits are calculated, whether it's necessary to file in January to get a given year's COLA and what effects of benefits rates not paying taxes can have.

How do I estimate my SS Benefits?

You may want to may want to consider using my company's software — Maximize My Social Security or MaxiFi Planner — to ensure your household receives the highest lifetime benefits. Social Security calculators provided by other companies or non-profits may provide proper suggestions if they were built with extreme care. Best, Larry

How to estimate your Social Security benefit?

Your Social Security benefit is decided based on your lifetime earnings and the age when you retire and begin taking payments. Your lifetime earnings are converted to a monthly average based on the 35 years in which you earned the most, adjusted for inflation.

How Is Social Security Calculated?

What is the formula for Social Security benefits?

How to calculate Social Security if you are not 62?

How to calculate indexing year?

What is wage indexing?

What is the process used to determine how to adjust your earnings history for inflation?

How to find average indexed monthly earnings?

See more

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Is Social Security based on the last 5 years of work?

A: Your Social Security payment is based on your best 35 years of work. And, whether we like it or not, if you don't have 35 years of work, the Social Security Administration (SSA) still uses 35 years and posts zeros for the missing years, says Andy Landis, author of Social Security: The Inside Story, 2016 Edition.

How much will I get from Social Security when I retire?

Your retirement benefit is based on your lifetime earnings in work in which you paid Social Security taxes. Higher income translates to a bigger benefit (up to a point — more on that below). The amount you are entitled to is modified by other factors, most crucially the age at which you claim benefits.

How much Social Security will I get if I make 60000 a year?

That adds up to $2,096.48 as a monthly benefit if you retire at full retirement age. Put another way, Social Security will replace about 42% of your past $60,000 salary. That's a lot better than the roughly 26% figure for those making $120,000 per year.

How much Social Security will I get if I make 70000 a year?

Initial Social Security retirement benefits by age and income levelAnnual Income (Inflation-Adjusted)Age 62Age 65$60,000$1,554$1,931$70,000$1,695$2,106$80,000$1,787$2,220$90,000$1,879$2,3345 more rows•Aug 21, 2018

Is it better to take Social Security at 62 or 67?

The short answer is yes. Retirees who begin collecting Social Security at 62 instead of at the full retirement age (67 for those born in 1960 or later) can expect their monthly benefits to be 30% lower. So, delaying claiming until 67 will result in a larger monthly check.

How much Social Security will I get if I make $120000 a year?

If you make $120,000, here's your calculated monthly benefit According to the Social Security benefit formula in the previous section, this would produce an initial monthly benefit of $2,920 at full retirement age.

How much Social Security will I get if I make $100000 a year?

Based on our calculation of a $2,790 Social Security benefit, this means that someone who averages a $100,000 salary throughout their career can expect Social Security to provide $33,480 in annual income if they claim at full retirement age.

How many years do you have to work to get full Social Security?

10 yearsAlthough you need at least 10 years of work (40 credits) to qualify for Social Security retirement benefits, we base the amount of your benefit on your highest 35 years of earnings.

Social Security Quick Calculator

Benefit Calculators. Frequently Asked Questions. Benefit estimates depend on your date of birth and on your earnings history. For security, the "Quick Calculator" does not access your earnings record; instead, it will estimate your earnings based on information you provide. So benefit estimates made by the Quick Calculator are rough.

Quick Calculator - Social Security Administration

Benefit Calculators. Frequently Asked Questions. Benefit estimates depend on your date of birth and on your earnings history. For security, the "Quick Calculator" does not access your earnings record; instead, it will estimate your earnings based on information you provide. So benefit estimates made by the Quick Calculator are rough.

Social Security Calculator (2022 Update) - SmartAsset

Annual Income: We assume that your income in the future increases by the rate if inflation and your income in the past is discounted by the same inflation rate Indexed Earnings: We use the Social Security Administrations National Average Wage Index to index wages for the social security benefit calculation Working Years: We assume that you have worked and paid Social Security taxes for 35 ...

Retirement Calculator

Retirement Calculator. Our Retirement Calculator can help a person plan the financial aspects of retirement. Each calculation can be used individually for quick and simple calculations, or in chronological order as a more comprehensive walkthrough of retirement planning.

What is indexing factor for a prior year?

The indexing factor for a prior year Y is the result of dividing the average wage index for the year in which the person attains age 60 by the average wage index for year Y.

What is indexing factor?

Indexing brings nominal earnings up to near-current wage levels. For each case, the table shows columns of earnings before and after indexing. Between these columns is a column showing the indexing factors. A factor will always equal one for the year in which the person attains age 60 and all later years. The indexing factor for a prior year Y is the result of dividing the average wage index for the year in which the person attains age 60 by the average wage index for year Y. For example, the case-A indexing factor for 1982 is the average wage for 2020 ($55,628.60) divided by the average wage for 1982 ($14,531.34).

Benefit Calculators

The best way to start planning for your future is by creating a my Social Security account online. With my Social Security, you can verify your earnings, get your Social Security Statement, and much more – all from the comfort of your home or office.

Online Benefits Calculator

These tools can be accurate but require access to your official earnings record in our database. The simplest way to do that is by creating or logging in to your my Social Security account. The other way is to answer a series of questions to prove your identity.

Additional Online Tools

Find your full retirement age and learn how your monthly benefits may be reduced if you retire before your full retirement age.

What is the purpose of the salary calculation?

The purpose of the calculation is to adjust your career earnings to reflect the changes in general wage levels that took place during the years of your career . The job that paid you, say, a $300 monthly income 40 years ago, would yield quite a bit more today.

What does Social Security say about adjustments?

Social Security says that the adjustments "ensure that a worker's future benefits reflect the general rise in the standard of living that occurred during his or her working lifetime."

What is the effect of Social Security on lower income earners?

The effect of these calculations is that a Social Security benefit "replaces" more of the income of lower-wage earners than it does for higher-wage earners. The effect is to help level the playing field in retirement between workers of different income levels.

How much is Medicare tax?

That tax is 6.2 percent of your wages up to a ceiling ($127,200 in 2017). Plus, your employer matches the 6.2 percent payment for a total of 12.4 percent of your wages. (You also pay 1.45 percent of your wages, with an employer match, for Medicare. And if you earn more than $200,000 a year, you'll pay an additional 0.9 percent Medicare tax — as part of the Affordable Care Act.)

What percentage of a spouse's Social Security benefit is a PIA?

If you're married, the PIA will also figure in any benefit amount that your spouse would be due, generally 50 percent of your PIA if the spouse turns on the tap at full retirement age. The PIA is also the basis of a survivor's benefit and a child's benefit.

How many years of work do you have to work to get Social Security?

It starts with Social Security examining your earnings history — with an emphasis on the money you earned during your 35 highest-paid years. That means that if you worked 40 years, Social Security would use your highest-paid 35 years in its calculations and ignore the other five.

How much do you need to earn to qualify for retirement?

To even be eligible for retirement benefits, you generally need 10 years (40 quarters) of gainful employment. In 2017, you need to earn at least $1,300 in a quarter for it to count as a credit.

How Is Social Security Calculated?

There is a three-step process used to calculate the amount of Social Security benefits you will receive.

What is the formula for Social Security benefits?

The Social Security benefits formula is designed to replace a higher proportion of income for low-income earners than for high-income earners. To do this, the formula has what are called “bend points." These bend points are adjusted for inflation each year.

How to calculate Social Security if you are not 62?

Because of how the wage indexing formula works, if you are not yet age 62, your calculation to determine how much Social Security you will get is only an estimate. Until you know the average wages for the year you turn 60, there is no way to do an exact calculation. However, you could attribute an assumed inflation rate to average wages to estimate the average wages going forward, and use those to create an estimate.

How to calculate indexing year?

Your wages are indexed to the average wages for the year you turn 60. 4 For each year, you take the average wages of your indexing year (which is the year you turn 60) divided by average wages for the years you are indexing, and multiply your included earnings by this number. 5

What is wage indexing?

Social Security uses a process called wage indexing to determine how to adjust your earnings history for inflation. Each year, Social Security publishes the national average wages for the year. You can see this published list on the National Average Wage Index page. 3 .

What is the process used to determine how to adjust your earnings history for inflation?

Social Security uses a process called "wage indexing" to determine how to adjust your earnings history for inflation. Each year, Social Security publishes the national average wages for the year. You can see this published list on the National Average Wage Index page. 3

How to find average indexed monthly earnings?

Total the highest 35 years of indexed earnings, and divide this total by 420, which is the number of months in a 35-year work history, to find the Average Indexed Monthly Earnings.

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